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In 600 a.d. Teotihuacán was one of the largest cities in the world. Two great pyramids, the Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon, rose along the mile-long central avenue. Here too was the sacred Temple of Quetzalcoatl, the Feathered Serpent deity of the Totonac people. The people wrote about their world with pictures known as glyphs. They played ball games and traded their goods over great distances. They developed mathematics and created music and art. They created a rich and diverse culture for all the people of Teotihuacán. But history has taught that nations do not last forever. By 750 a.d., the great city of Teotihuacán fell to ruins, like so many before. The people scattered throughout Mesoamerica to begin a new way of life.
The Temple of Quetzalcoatl is one of many pyramids in the ancient city of Teotihuacán.
1150 Mexica people arrive in the
central region that would become known as the Valley of Mexico.
1325 Mexica city of
Tenochtitlan becomes center of culture and power throughout Mesoamerica. Inca city of Machu Picchu becomes center of culture and power of the Inca Empire.
1533 Inca Empire is
conquered by Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizzaro.
1200 Inca people of
northwestern South America rise to power.
1521 Mexica Empire is
conquered by Spanish conquistadors led by Hernan Cortes.
1100
1095 First Crusade
ordered by Pope Urban II.
1200
1291 Last European
1300
1400
1500
1519 Hernan
Cortes leaves Cuba and begins the conquest of the Mexica.
1430 Portugal is leading
sea power of Europe. Prince Henry the Navigator leads Portugal’s navy.
crusade to the Holy Lands comes to an end.
1469 Isabella of Castile
and Ferdinand of Aragon marry to unite the kingdoms of Spain.
1492 Christopher Columbus sails west
from Europe to find a sea route for trade to India; discovers the Americas.
Chapter 4 • Arizona in the World 39
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