Index Page numbers in italics refer to figures, maps and photographs. A adaptation, of Arizona Indians, 138 agave, 35 Age of Discovery, 46 Agriculture Labor Conditions Act, 155 air pollution, 9 Alamo, 65–66 Alcaron, Hernando, 55 Ali-Shonak, 20, 58 Allen, Rex, Jr., 175 amended (law), definition, 95 American civil rights movement, 154 American cowboy, 84–87 American Fur Company, 62 American Indian, Wild West, 84 Anasazi Indians, 28, 29, 30 Andes Mountains, 41 anthropology, definition, 166 Anza, Juan Bautista de, 58 Apache Indians, 87, 89 Apache Trail, 104, 104, 107 Apache Wars, 87–88, 89, 141 aqueduct, definition, 104 archaeologist, definition, 34, 166 archeology, definition, 166 architecture in Arizona, 110 Inca Empire, 41 Arctic-Alpine lifezone, 22 Arizona (battleship), 109, 126, 127–128 Arizonac, 20, 58 Arizona capital, 72, 82–83, 95 Arizona Cardinals football stadium, 11 Arizona Enabling Act, 95 Arizona forts, 87 Arizona Highways, 109 Arizona Inn, 134, 134 Arizona March Song, 175 Arizona nicknames, 96 Arizona Organic Act, 78 Arizona Rangers, 94–95 Arizona ridgenose rattlesnake, 172, 172 Arizona State Capital, 101 Arizona state flag, 103, 174, 174 Arizona (state song), 175 Arizona territory, 73, 77–78, 82, 94 Arizona tree frog, 171 Arizona trout, 172, 172 Arizona Women’s Hall of Fame, 134 armor, 54 Aspen trees, 22 Astor, John Jacob, 62 astronomy Inca Empire, 41 Lowell Observatory, 12, 108 Mayan culture, 47 Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad, 112 Aztecs, 50 B barbarians, Roman Empire, 42 baskets, 30, 33, 142 Bassariscus astutus, 171 battleship Arizona, 109, 126, 127–128 Beale, Edward, 72, 82 Beckwourth, Jim, 63 Bedonkohe Apache Indians, 90 Benton, Thomas Hart, 66 bill (law), definition, 95 Blumenthal, Maurice, 175 Board of Education, Brown vs., 146, 154 bola tie, 172, 172 borders, Arizona, 21 branches (government), definition, 119 Brown vs. Board of Education, 146, 154 buckaroo, 85 Buffalo Soldiers, 89 Bush, Nellie, 118 Bushmasters, 132, 163 Bushmasters emblem, 135 business economics, 148 government, 149 interest, 149–150 Butterfield Stage Line, 72, 75, 82 C Cabeza de Vaca, 51–52 cactus, 24, 25 cactus wren, 23, 171, 171 Calumet and Arizona Mining Company, 98 Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, 171 Canadian lifezone, 22 canals, irrigation, 102–104 Canyon de Chelly National Monument, 34 capital, Arizona, 72, 82–83, 95 Carleton, James, 76–77 Carson, Kit, 63, 75 Casa Grande National Monument, 30 Casa Grande Reservation Act, 30 Castilian flag, 119 castle, definition, 43 cattle, 85, 156 Central Arizona Canal, 97, 153 Central Arizona Project, 104 century plant, 35 Cereus giganteus, 170 Charlemagne, 38, 42 Chavez, Cesar, 47, 155 Chichen Itza, 40, 47 Chiricahua Apache Indians, 88, 90 Cibola, 51–53, 54–56 citizenship, 121 citrus, 157 city government, 151 civil rights, 154 Civil War, 73, 78, 83, 86 cliff dwellings, 31, 34 Clifford, Margaret Rowe, 175 climate, 22, 157 Clovis people, 28–29 Cochise, 88 code talkers, 141 Colorado Plateau, 18–19 Colter, Mary Elizabeth Jane, 12, 108, 114 Columbus, Christopher, 45–46, 50 Confederate Stars and Bars flag, 119 Confederate States of America, 75 Confederate Territory of Arizona, 73, 75 conflict, with Arizona Indians, 139 conquistador, 53 constitution, Arizona, 96 Constitutional Convention, 96 contrast, definition, 8 Cooke, Philip St. George, 67 copper, 156 copper mines, 153, 156 Coronado, Francisco Vásquez de, 50, 52–57, 87 Cortes, Hernan, 39, 46, 50–51 cotton, 156 cougar, 23 counties, definition, 120 county government, 121, 151 cowboys, 84–87 Crook, George, 91 Crotalus willardi, 172 Crusades, 44 culture, 29, 160–161 current events, definition, 165 188