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64 Unfinished business: Koori women and the justice system
The Victorian correctional system
The Victorian correctional system includes prisons,
Community Correctional Services (CCS) and the
Adult Parole Board of Victoria (APB). Corrections
Victoria is responsible for managing prisoners
completing custodial sentences, offenders sentenced
by the courts to serve a Community Corrections Order
(through CCS) and overseeing prisoners released
from prison on parole by the APB. Corrections Victoria
includes an Aboriginal Programs Unit, as part of the
Offending Behaviour Programs Branch.
Prisons
Corrections Victoria oversees the administration,
management, and security of prisons, including
the welfare of prisoners under the Corrections
Act 1986
(Vic) and the associated Corrections
Regulations 2009
(Vic).
There are 14 prisons in Victoria. There are twelve
prisons for men (including one transitional facility)
and two prisons for women.
Twelve prisons are publically operated by
Corrections Victoria, including the two women's
prisons ­ Dame Phyllis Frost Centre (DPFC) and
Tarrengower Prison. Two male prisons are privately
owned and operated.
371
Corrections Victoria places the majority of Koori
women at DPFC ­ a 300-bed maximum-security
facility accommodating women of all security
levels.
372
DPFC provides a wide range of programs
and services, encompassing offending behavioural
programs, drug and alcohol treatment, health and
wellbeing, and education and training.
373
Tarrengower Prison is a 72-bed minimum-
security prison located in Maldon (136km north of
Melbourne). Tarrengower provides programs and
services that focus primarily on preparation for
release and community reintegration.
374
371

Port Phillip Prison and Fulham Correctional Centre.
372

This includes reception, remand, sentenced,
management and protection. State of Victoria, Corrections
Victoria, `Transition to Tarrengower', above n 331, 3.
373 Ibid
374
Ibid 4.
The Charter along with internationally based
human rights standards and the Standard
Guidelines for Corrections in Australia
regulates
both publicly and privately operated prisons.
375
Independent Prison
Visitors (IPVs) provide
important oversight.
These volunteers speak
with prisoners and provide
the Minister for Corrections
with independent and
objective advice on the operation
of Victoria's prisons. There are currently
39 volunteers visiting Victorian prisons.
During 2011-12 visitors conducted over 342
prison visits".
376
However, the Commission
understands that there are currently only two
Koori IPV's servicing the whole state. This
creates significant challenges for the program.
Koori women's experiences in prison
Security classification and placement
When women enter prison on remand or sentence,
they undergo a variety of assessments to
determine their security/classification ratings,
location (placement) and treatment needs as part
of their Sentence Plan.
377
375

Private prisons are public authorities under s 4 of the
Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006
(Vic); See also, United Nations Standard Minimum Rules
for the Treatment of Prisoners
, ESC Res 663C, UN ESCOR,
Supp No 1, at 11, UN Doc E/3048 (31 July 1957); United
Nations Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from
Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or
Degrading Treatment or Punishment
, GA Res 3452 (XXX),
annex, 30 UN GAOR Supp No. 34, UN Doc A/10034 (1975);
Standard Guidelines for Corrections in Australia (Revised
2004)
. <http://www.aic.gov.au/criminal_justice_system/
corrections/reform/standards.html> at 18 July 2013. These
standards also apply Community Correctional Services.
376
State Victoria, Department of Justice, Annual Report
2011-12 Appendix (2012) 213. < https://assets.justice.
vic.gov.au/justice/resources/c9291426-b7b7-4b2e-
a59c-6ddc7589adff/annual_report_appendix2012.pdf>
at 25 July 2013.
377

State of Victoria, Corrections Victoria, Sentence
Management Manual
(2012) Part 2, ch AC3, AC4, AC5.
<http://www.corrections.vic.gov.au/utility/publications+ma
nuals+and+statistics/sentence+management+manual+-
+part+2> at 11 June 2013.